Hibernate的繼承關系分為三種：一張表對應一整棵類繼承樹、一個類對應一張表、每一個具體類對應一張表。

三個java類Person、Student、Teacher，Student和Teacher繼承Person類并且Student和Teacher沒有任何關系

代碼如下：

Person.java

package com.zzn.hibernate.model;  
 
public class Person {  
    private int id;  
    private String name;  
    private int age;  
    public int getId() {  
        return id;  
    }  
    public void setId(int id) {  
        this.id = id;  
    }  
    public String getName() {  
        return name;  
    }  
    public void setName(String name) {  
        this.name = name;  
    }  
    public int getAge() {  
        return age;  
    }  
    public void setAge(int age) {  
        this.age = age;  
    }  
      
      
}      

Student.java

package com.zzn.hibernate.model;  
 
public class Student extends Person {  
    private String cardId;  
 
    public String getCardId() {  
        return cardId;  
    }  
    public void setCardId(String cardId) {  
        this.cardId = cardId;  
    }  
}  

Teacher.java

package com.zzn.hibernate.model;  
 
public class Teacher extends Person {  
    private int salary;  
    public int getSalary() {  
        return salary;  
    }  
    public void setSalary(int salary) {  
        this.salary = salary;  
    }  
}  

Hibernate的繼承關系表：一張表對應一整棵類繼承樹時

Person.hbm.xml

< ?xml version="1.0" encoding='gb2312'?>    
< !DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC    
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"    
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">    
       
< hibernate-mapping package="com.zzn.hibernate.model"> 
 
    < class name="Person" table="person"> 
        < id name="id" column="id"> 
            < generator class="identity" /> 
        < /id> 
        < discriminator column="personType" type="java.lang.String" />   < !-- 指定描述符對應的列明，注意discrimination標簽只能緊跟在id標簽后面 --> 
          
        < property name="name" type="java.lang.String" />                < !-- 公用的name屬性，被兩個sbuclass標簽所用 --> 
        < property name="age" type="java.lang.Integer" />                < !-- 公用的age屬性，被兩個sbuclass標簽所用 --> 
          
        < subclass name="Student" discriminator-value="student">            < !-- 映射子類Student，描述符是student，此時已經映射Student類，所以不必再寫Student.hbm.xml --> 
            < property name="cardId" type="java.lang.String" />            < !-- Student私有的屬性 --> 
        < /subclass> 
        < subclass name="Teacher" discriminator-value="teacher" > 
            < property name="salary" type="java.lang.Integer" />            < !-- Teacher私有的屬性 --> 
        < /subclass> 
              
    < /class> 
      
< /hibernate-mapping> 

一個類對應一張表

< ?xml version="1.0" encoding='gb2312'?>    
< !DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC    
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"    
        "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">    
       
< hibernate-mapping package="com.zzn.hibernate.model"> 
 
    < class name="Person" table="person"> 
        < id name="id" column="id"> 
            < generator class="identity" /> 
        < /id> 
        < property name="name" type="java.lang.String" />                  
        < property name="age" type="java.lang.Integer" /> 
        < joined-subclass name="Student" table="student"> 
            < key column="id" /> 
            < property name="cardId" type="java.lang.String" /> 
        < /joined-subclass> 
          
        < joined-subclass name="Teacher" table="teacher"> 
            < key column="id"/> 
            < property name="salary" type="java.lang.Integer" /> 
        < /joined-subclass> 
    < /class> 
      
< /hibernate-mapping> 

hibernate.hbm.xml

< ?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> 
< !DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC  
          "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"  
          "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> 
< hibernate-configuration> 
    < session-factory> 
        < property name="show_sql">true< /property> 
        < property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update< /property> 
        < property name="connection.username">sa< /property> 
        < property name="connection.password">< /property> 
        < property name="connection.url">jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://localhost:1433;databasename=hibernate_test< /property> 
        < property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServerDialect< /property> 
        < property name="myeclipse.connection.profile">SQL2005< /property> 
        < property name="connection.driver_class">net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver< /property> 
        < mapping resource="com/zzn/hibernate/model/Person.hbm.xml"/> 
    < /session-factory> 
< /hibernate-configuration> 

Hibernate的繼承關系測試文件SubclassTest.java

package com.zzn.hibernate.test;  
 
import java.util.Iterator;  
 
import org.hibernate.Query;  
import org.hibernate.Session;  
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;  
import org.hibernate.Transaction;  
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;  
 
import com.zzn.hibernate.model.Person;  
import com.zzn.hibernate.model.Student;  
import com.zzn.hibernate.model.Teacher;  
 
public class SubClassTest {  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        add();  
        select();  
    }  
 
    public static void add() {  
        Configuration configuration = null;  
        SessionFactory sessionFactory = null;  
        Session session = null;  
        Transaction transaction = null;  
        Student student = new Student();  
        Teacher teacher = new Teacher();  
        try {  
            configuration = new Configuration();  
            sessionFactory = configuration.configure().buildSessionFactory();  
            session = sessionFactory.openSession();  
            transaction = session.beginTransaction();  
            student.setName("shanshan");  
            student.setAge(25);  
            student.setCardId("123456");  
            teacher.setName("xiaolan");  
            teacher.setAge(25);  
            teacher.setSalary(5000);  
            session.save(student);  
            session.save(teacher);  
        } finally {  
            if (session != null) {  
                transaction.commit();  
                session.close();  
            }  
        }  
    }  
      
    public static void select(){  
        Configuration configuration = null;  
        SessionFactory sessionFactory = null;  
        Session session = null;  
        try {  
            configuration = new Configuration();  
            sessionFactory = configuration.configure().buildSessionFactory();  
            session = sessionFactory.openSession();  
            Query query = session.createQuery("from Person");  
            Iterator iterator = query.list().iterator();  
            while (iterator.hasNext()){  
                Person person = (Person)iterator.next();  
                System.out.println(person.getName());  
            }  
        } finally {  
            if (session != null) {  
                session.close();  
            }  
        }  
    }  
}  

【編輯推薦】

1. 有關Hibernate延時加載與lazy機制
2. Hibernate訪問多個數據庫
3. Hibernate的lazy屬性總結
4. Hibernate中hbm的generator子元素
5. 簡單理解Hibernate三種狀態的概念及互相轉化