用Android搭建客戶端手機和服務(wù)器交互開發(fā)實例

作者：Jclick 2011-03-28 17:24:26

本文介紹了如何使用Android搭建客戶端，實現(xiàn)手機和服務(wù)器的交互。讓我們了解如何采用SSH框架，把服務(wù)器端的信息用JSON的形式發(fā)送到手機端。

筆者以前是學(xué)的Java EE，由于項目需要要開發(fā)Android，所以臨時補了一個多星期，主要是手機端和服務(wù)器端交互，雙向開發(fā)的。

首先在服務(wù)器端，我采用的是SSH框架，struts 2集合了JSON插件，服務(wù)器和客戶端的信息交互采用的JSON來傳輸，由于在服務(wù)器端用了Struts 2，所以我就用裝了一個JSON插件。這樣，很輕易的就把服務(wù)器端的信息用JSON的形式發(fā)送到了手機端。以下是代碼：

首先，在服務(wù)器端搭建好SSH框架，具體細節(jié)就不在陳述。struts.xml配置如下：

<packagename="login"extends="json-default">  
<actionname="login"class="com.jclick.test.LoginAction"method="login">  
<resulttype="json"><paramname="includeProperties">result</param></result>  
</action>  
</package>  
 
    <packagename="login"extends="json-default">  
    <actionname="login"class="com.jclick.test.LoginAction"method="login">  
    <resulttype="json"><paramname="includeProperties">result</param></result>  
    </action>  
    </package>

手機端的代碼如下：

首先，手機端有一個緩存類，主要用于緩存一些手機端需要訪問的數(shù)據(jù)，這樣的好處是可以達達節(jié)省手機和服務(wù)器的交互，用單例實現(xiàn)的：

packagecom.jclick.cache;  
 
importcom.jclick.bean.User;  
 
publicclassCache{  
 
privateUserUser;  
 
privateCache(){  
 
}  
/**構(gòu)造單例*/ 
privatestaticclassCacheHolder{  
privatestaticfinalCacheINSTANCE=newCache();  
}  
publicCachegetInstance(){  
returnCacheHolder.INSTANCE;  
}  
publicUsergetUser(){  
returnUser;  
}  
publicvoidsetUser(UserUser){  
this.User=User;  
}  
 
}  
 
packagecom.jclick.cache;  
 
importcom.jclick.bean.User;  
 
publicclassCache{  
      
    privateUserUser;  
      
    privateCache(){  
          
    }  
    /**構(gòu)造單例*/ 
    privatestaticclassCacheHolder{  
        privatestaticfinalCacheINSTANCE=newCache();  
    }  
    publicCachegetInstance(){  
        returnCacheHolder.INSTANCE;  
    }  
    publicUsergetUser(){  
        returnUser;  
    }  
    publicvoidsetUser(UserUser){  
        this.User=User;  
    }  
 
}

接著開始書寫手機端的協(xié)議，用戶向服務(wù)器發(fā)送請求，同時服務(wù)器反饋給手機端信息的：

packagecom.jclick.protocol;  
 
importjava.io.BufferedReader;  
importjava.io.InputStreamReader;  
importjava.util.ArrayList;  
importjava.util.List;  
 
importorg.apache.http.HttpResponse;  
importorg.apache.http.NameValuePair;  
importorg.apache.http.client.HttpClient;  
importorg.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;  
importorg.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;  
importorg.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;  
importorg.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;  
importorg.json.JSONException;  
importorg.json.JSONObject;  
 
publicclassBaseProtocol{  
privateStringBuildersb=newStringBuilder();  
 
privateHttpClienthttpClient;  
privateHttpPosthttpRequest;  
privateHttpResponseresponse;  
 
privateList<NameValuePair>nameValuePair=newArrayList<NameValuePair>();  
 
BaseProtocol(){  
httpClient=newDefaultHttpClient();  
}  
 
/**  
*向服務(wù)器端發(fā)送請求  
*  
*@paramurl  
*@throwsException  
*/ 
protectedvoidpack(Stringurl)throwsException{  
httpClient=newDefaultHttpClient();  
httpRequest=newHttpPost(url);  
 
httpRequest.setEntity(newUrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePair));  
response=httpClient.execute(httpRequest);  
}  
 
/**  
*得到返回數(shù)據(jù)  
*  
*@paramurl  
*@return  
*@throwsException  
*/ 
protectedvoidparse()throwsException{  
//TODO狀態(tài)處理500200  
if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==200){  
 
BufferedReaderbufferedReader2=newBufferedReader(  
newInputStreamReader(response.getEntity().getContent()));  
for(Strings=bufferedReader2.readLine();s!=null;s=bufferedReader2  
.readLine()){  
sb.append(s);  
}  
}  
}  
 
/**  
*向服務(wù)器發(fā)送信息  
*  
*@paramkey  
*@paramvalue  
*/ 
publicvoidaddNameValuePair(Stringkey,Stringvalue){  
nameValuePair.add(newBasicNameValuePair(key,value));  
}  
 
/**  
*返回JSONObject對象數(shù)據(jù)模型  
*  
*@return  
*@throwsJSONException  
*/ 
publicJSONObjectgetJSON()throwsJSONException{  
returnnewJSONObject(sb.toString());  
}  
 
}  
 
packagecom.jclick.protocol;  
 
importjava.io.BufferedReader;  
importjava.io.InputStreamReader;  
importjava.util.ArrayList;  
importjava.util.List;  
 
importorg.apache.http.HttpResponse;  
importorg.apache.http.NameValuePair;  
importorg.apache.http.client.HttpClient;  
importorg.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;  
importorg.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;  
importorg.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;  
importorg.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;  
importorg.json.JSONException;  
importorg.json.JSONObject;  
 
publicclassBaseProtocol{  
    privateStringBuildersb=newStringBuilder();  
 
    privateHttpClienthttpClient;  
    privateHttpPosthttpRequest;  
    privateHttpResponseresponse;  
 
    privateList<NameValuePair>nameValuePair=newArrayList<NameValuePair>();  
 
    BaseProtocol(){  
        httpClient=newDefaultHttpClient();  
    }  
 
    /**  
    *向服務(wù)器端發(fā)送請求  
    *  
    *@paramurl  
    *@throwsException  
    */ 
    protectedvoidpack(Stringurl)throwsException{  
        httpClient=newDefaultHttpClient();  
        httpRequest=newHttpPost(url);  
 
        httpRequest.setEntity(newUrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePair));  
        response=httpClient.execute(httpRequest);  
    }  
 
    /**  
    *得到返回數(shù)據(jù)  
    *  
    *@paramurl  
    *@return  
    *@throwsException  
    */ 
    protectedvoidparse()throwsException{  
        //TODO狀態(tài)處理500200  
        if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==200){  
 
            BufferedReaderbufferedReader2=newBufferedReader(  
                    newInputStreamReader(response.getEntity().getContent()));  
            for(Strings=bufferedReader2.readLine();s!=null;s=bufferedReader2  
                    .readLine()){  
                sb.append(s);  
            }  
        }  
    }  
 
    /**  
    *向服務(wù)器發(fā)送信息  
    *  
    *@paramkey  
    *@paramvalue  
    */ 
    publicvoidaddNameValuePair(Stringkey,Stringvalue){  
        nameValuePair.add(newBasicNameValuePair(key,value));  
    }  
 
    /**  
    *返回JSONObject對象數(shù)據(jù)模型  
    *  
    *@return  
    *@throwsJSONException  
    */ 
    publicJSONObjectgetJSON()throwsJSONException{  
        returnnewJSONObject(sb.toString());  
    }  
 
}

接著是登陸協(xié)議，在這里我只是模擬登陸使用的一個類，僅供大家參考：

packagecom.jclick.protocol;  
 
importorg.json.JSONObject;  
 
importcom.jclick.bean.User;  
 
publicclassLoginProtocolextendsBaseProtocol{  
 
privatefinalstaticStringURL="http://localhost:8080/test/login";  
 
publicbooleancheckLogin(Userusr){  
try{  
pack(URL);  
parse();  
JSONObjectobj=this.getJSON();  
if(obj.getString("result").equals("failed")){  
returnfalse;  
}else{  
returntrue;  
}  
}catch(Exceptione){  
e.printStackTrace();  
returnfalse;  
}  
}  
 
}  
 
packagecom.jclick.protocol;  
 
importorg.json.JSONObject;  
 
importcom.jclick.bean.User;  
 
publicclassLoginProtocolextendsBaseProtocol{  
      
    privatefinalstaticStringURL="http://localhost:8080/test/login";  
      
    publicbooleancheckLogin(Userusr){  
        try{  
            pack(URL);  
            parse();  
            JSONObjectobj=this.getJSON();  
            if(obj.getString("result").equals("failed")){  
                returnfalse;  
            }else{  
                returntrue;  
            }  
        }catch(Exceptione){  
            e.printStackTrace();  
            returnfalse;  
        }  
    }  
 
}

然后是User實體類，主要用于保存用戶信息：

packagecom.jclick.bean;  
 
publicclassUser{  
privateStringusername;  
privateStringpassword;  
publicStringgetUsername(){  
returnusername;  
}  
publicvoidsetUsername(Stringusername){  
this.username=username;  
}  
publicStringgetPassword(){  
returnpassword;  
}  
publicvoidsetPassword(Stringpassword){  
this.password=password;  
}  
 
}  
 
packagecom.jclick.bean;  
 
publicclassUser{  
    privateStringusername;  
    privateStringpassword;  
    publicStringgetUsername(){  
        returnusername;  
    }  
    publicvoidsetUsername(Stringusername){  
        this.username=username;  
    }  
    publicStringgetPassword(){  
        returnpassword;  
    }  
    publicvoidsetPassword(Stringpassword){  
        this.password=password;  
    }  
 
}

最后就是LoginActivity里邊判斷登陸的代碼了，詳細代碼不再貼出來了，僅貼一個判斷登陸的代碼：

privatevoidcheckedData(){  
username=((EditText)findViewById(R.id.username)).getText().toString();  
password=((EditText)findViewById(R.id.password)).getText().toString();  
 
Useruser=newUser();  
user.setUsername(username);  
user.setPassword(password);  
LoginProtocollogin=newLoginProtocol();  
booleanresult=login.checkLogin(user);  
 
if(result){SpiderCache.getInstance().setUserSession(user);  
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"登錄成功",1000).show();  
Intentintent=newIntent();  
intent.setClass(LoginActivity.this,WelcomeActivity.class);  
startActivity(intent);  
}else{Toast.makeText(LoginActivity.this,"密碼或用戶名不匹配，請重新輸入！",1000).show();  
}  
}  
 
        privatevoidcheckedData(){  
            username=((EditText)findViewById(R.id.username)).getText().toString();  
            password=((EditText)findViewById(R.id.password)).getText().toString();  
              
            Useruser=newUser();  
            user.setUsername(username);  
            user.setPassword(password);  
            LoginProtocollogin=newLoginProtocol();  
            booleanresult=login.checkLogin(user);  
              
            if(result){             SpiderCache.getInstance().setUserSession(user);  
                Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"登錄成功",1000).show();  
                Intentintent=newIntent();  
                intent.setClass(LoginActivity.this,WelcomeActivity.class);  
                startActivity(intent);  
            }else{              Toast.makeText(LoginActivity.this,"密碼或用戶名不匹配，請重新輸入！",1000).show();  
            }  
        }

以上代碼為了跟大家分享一下，感覺手機端和服務(wù)器雙向開發(fā)非常過癮。同時對Android的興趣大大提升，它也沒有我們想象中的那么難。

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責(zé)任編輯：佚名來源： JavaEye

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