Harmonyos網絡通信真機Demo演練(一)之TCP聊天室
作者：拓維云創_zhuliang
本Demo界面由ArkUI實現，網絡邏輯部分由java實現，服務器用容易部署演練的Go實現。JAVA和GO初次實戰，本Demo還存在并發數據安全未處理，所以本Demo僅能用于學習。
本Demo界面由ArkUI實現，網絡邏輯部分由java實現，服務器用容易部署演練的Go實現。JAVA和GO初次實戰，本Demo還存在并發數據安全未處理，所以本Demo僅能用于學習。可學習之處有以下幾點：
一、FA與PA采用ACE方式的調用及相互交互、數據流轉等。
二、Harmonyos的事件機制及使用–自定義事件.
三、異步多線程TCP通信。
一、效果展示
1，服務器端
2，客戶端
二、設計流程圖
三、界面編寫
1,界面效果
2,界面代碼
HML代碼：
- <div class="container">
- <div class="container1">
- <text class="title">
- tcp-client test
- </text>
- </div>
- <div class="container2">
- <text class="text2">IP:</text>
- <input class="input2" placeholder="enter ip" onchange="onChange2">
- </input>
- </div>
- <div class="container3">
- <text class="text3">Port:</text>
- <input class="input3" placeholder="enter port" onchange="onChange3">
- </input>
- </div>
- <button class="button1" type="capsule" onclick="onConnect">連接服務器</button>
- <button class="button3" type="capsule" onclick="onSubResvMsg">訂閱消息</button>
- <textarea class="text4">
- {{outcont}}
- </textarea>
- <div class="container4">
- <input class="input5" placeholder="enter msg" onchange="onChange4">
- </input>
- <button class="button2" type="capsule" onclick="onSend">發送消息</button>
- </div>
- </div>
JS代碼：
- import prompt from '@system.prompt';
- export default {
- data: {
- title: 'World',
- outcont: '',
- ip:'',
- port:'',
- msg:''
- },
- initConnectAction: function (code,ip,port) {
- var actionData = {};
- actionData.ip = ip;
- actionData.port = port;
- var action = {};
- action.bundleName = "com.gane.tcpclient";
- action.abilityName = "TcpClientAbility";
- action.messageCode = code;
- action.data = actionData;
- action.abilityType = 1;
- action.syncOption = 0;
- return action;
- },
- initAction: function (code) {
- var actionData = {};
- var action = {};
- action.bundleName = "com.gane.tcpclient";
- action.abilityName = "TcpClientAbility";
- action.messageCode = code;
- action.data = actionData;
- action.abilityType = 1;
- action.syncOption = 0;
- return action;
- },
- initAction2: function (code,msg) {
- var actionData = {};
- actionData.msg = msg;
- var action = {};
- action.bundleName = "com.gane.tcpclient";
- action.abilityName = "TcpClientAbility";
- action.messageCode = code;
- action.data = actionData;
- action.abilityType = 1;
- action.syncOption = 0;
- return action;
- },
- onChange2(e){
- this.ip = e.value;
- },
- onChange3(e){
- this.port = e.value;
- },
- onConnect: async function() {
- try {
- var action = this.initConnectAction(1001,this.ip,this.port);
- var result = await FeatureAbility.callAbility(action);
- console.info(" result = " + result);
- this.showToast(result);
- } catch (pluginError) {
- console.error("getBatteryLevel : Plugin Error = " + pluginError);
- }
- },
- onSubResvMsg:async function(){
- try {
- var action = this.initAction(1003);
- var that = this;
- var result = await FeatureAbility.subscribeAbilityEvent(action,function (msgdata) {
- console.info(" batteryLevel info is: " + msgdata);
- var msgRet = JSON.parse(msgdata).data;
- that.printData(msgRet.msg);
- that.showToast(" batteryState change: " + msgRet.msg);
- });
- this.showToast(" subscribe result " + result);
- console.info(" subscribeCommonEvent result = " + result);
- } catch (pluginError) {
- console.error("subscribeCommonEvent error : result= " + result + JSON.stringify(pluginError));
- }
- },
- onSend: async function() {
- try {
- var action = this.initAction2(1002,this.msg);
- var result = await FeatureAbility.callAbility(action);
- console.info("onSend result = " + result);
- this.showToast(result);
- } catch (pluginError) {
- console.error("getBatteryLevel : Plugin Error = " + pluginError);
- }
- },
- onChange4(e){
- this.msg = e.value;
- },
- printData(msg){
- if(this.outcont != null || this.outcont != ""){
- this.outcont = msg + "\n" + this.outcont;
- } else {
- this.outcont = msg;
- }
- },
- showToast: function (msg) {
- prompt.showToast({
- message: msg
- });
- }
- }
注意：
1，這里的交互方法都是用的異步方法，因為這樣不會因業務側而阻塞UI線程，從而阻塞主線程。
2，仔細看清楚每個initAction(),弄明白action的構造和帶參傳遞的寫法。
四、PA編寫與交互
java類實現方式如下：
- public class TcpClientAbility extends AceInternalAbility {
- private static final String TAG = TcpClientAbility.class.getSimpleName();
- private static final String BUNDLE_NAME = "com.gane.tcpclient";
- private static final String ABILITY_NAME = "TcpClientAbility";
- public static final String SELF_SOCKET_MSG = "TCP.CLIENT.MSG";
- private static TcpClientAbility instance;
- private TcpClientAbility() {
- super(BUNDLE_NAME, ABILITY_NAME);
- }
- /**
- * ACE注冊
- */
- public void register() {
- this.setInternalAbilityHandler(this::onRemoteRequest);
- HiLog.error(LABEL_LOG,"socket_register");
- }
- /**
- * ACE取消注冊
- */
- public void deregister() {
- this.setInternalAbilityHandler(null);
- HiLog.error(LABEL_LOG,"socket_unregister");
- }
- /**
- * ACE事件回調接口
- */
- public boolean onRemoteRequest(int code, MessageParcel data, MessageParcel reply, MessageOption option) {
- switch (code) {
- }
- return true;
- }
- }
注意：
1，類必須繼承AceInternalAbility，必須實現注冊、取消注冊、事件回調接口。
2，register()、deregister()需在合適的位置調用，我是在mainAblity的onstart和onstop中調用的
五、TCP客戶端網絡
網絡實現，考慮到要能隨時隨地的自由發送和接收消息，就將消息的收、發分離，全采用異步進行。根據業務需求選型了AsynchronousSocketChannel作為本次實現的網絡基礎類型，主要用到了AsynchronousSocketChannel.open()、AsynchronousSocketChannel.setOption()、AsynchronousSocketChannel.connect()、AsynchronousSocketChannel.write()、AsynchronousSocketChannel.read()等接口。
示例代碼如下：
- socketChannel = AsynchronousSocketChannel.open();
- socketChannel.setOption(StandardSocketOptions.TCP_NODELAY,true);
- socketChannel.setOption(StandardSocketOptions.SO_REUSEADDR, true);
- socketChannel.connect(new InetSocketAddress(param.getIp(), param.getPort()), null,
- new CompletionHandler<Void, Object>() {
- @Override
- public void completed(Void result, Object attachment) {
- ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
- String intput = "我是：";
- try {
- intput = intput + socketChannel.getLocalAddress().toString();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- try {
- byteBuffer.put(intput.getBytes("UTF-8"));
- } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- socketChannel.write(byteBuffer, 1, TimeUnit.SECONDS, null,
- new CompletionHandler<Integer, Object>() {
- @Override
- public void completed(Integer result, Object attachment) {
- }
- public void failed(Throwable exc, Object attachment) {
- }
- });
- }
- @Override
- public void failed(Throwable exc, Object attachment) {
- }
- });
- if (TcpClientAbility.socketChannel != null && TcpClientAbility.socketChannel.isOpen()) {
- ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
- CompletionHandler<Integer, Object> comphandler = new CompletionHandler<Integer, Object>() {
- @Override
- public void completed(Integer result, Object attachment) {
- byteBuffer.flip();
- byte[] byten = new byte[byteBuffer.limit()]; // 可用的字節數量
- byteBuffer.get(byten, byteBuffer.position(), byteBuffer.limit());
- String ret = new String(byten);
- TcpClientAbility.socketChannel.read(byteBuffer, -1, TimeUnit.SECONDS, null, this);
- }
- @Override
- public void failed(Throwable exc, Object attachment) {
- TcpClientAbility.socketChannel.read(byteBuffer, -1, TimeUnit.SECONDS, null, this);
- }
- };
- TcpClientAbility.socketChannel.read(byteBuffer, -1, TimeUnit.SECONDS, null, comphandler);
- }
六、自定義事件
由官方提供的CommonEventManager通用事件啟發而來，官方提供了harmonyos系統提供了藍牙、電池、時間、日期等等相關的通用事件，還提供了電池相關的Demo,具體介紹看官方文檔。我這里拿CommonEventManager的CommonEventManager.subscribeCommonEvent()訂閱事件、CommonEventManager.publishCommonEvent()發布事件給大家看下：
- MatchingSkills matchingSkills = new MatchingSkills();
- matchingSkills.addEvent(SELF_SOCKET_MSG);
- IRemoteObject notifier = data.readRemoteObject();
- CommonEventSubscribeInfo subscribeInfo = new CommonEventSubscribeInfo(matchingSkills);
- subscriber = new CommonEventSubscriber(subscribeInfo) {
- @Override
- public void onReceiveEvent(CommonEventData commonEventData) {
- //HiLog.info(LABEL_LOG,"socket===shijian" + commonEventData.getData() + ret);
- }
- };
- try {
- CommonEventManager.subscribeCommonEvent(subscriber);
- } catch (RemoteException e) {
- }
- }
- Intent intent = new Intent();
- Operation operation = new Intent.OperationBuilder().withAction(TcpClientAbility.SELF_SOCKET_MSG).build();
- intent.setOperation(operation);
- intent.setParam("msg",ret);
- CommonEventData eventData = new CommonEventData(intent);
- eventData.setData(ret);
- try {
- CommonEventManager.publishCommonEvent(eventData);
- } catch (RemoteException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
七、總結
大概思路和所用到的重點知識點在上面以分別列出來了，做完了覺得很簡單，但實際上用一門或多門不怎么熟悉而且相關開發思路借鑒比較少的開發框架寫東西時，確實會在動手前很迷茫。覺得迷茫不要退縮，還是那句話，沒有程序解決不了的問題，只有沒思路的程序員，只要想做，就要將整體拆解，化整為零，個個擊破。
本文雖然實現了簡單的多客戶端自由聊天，但還有很多不足，如聊天記錄保存，跳轉頁面后回來怎么恢復頁面，websocket、UDP、HTTP、藍牙等通信模式的探索實踐等，不足之處后續有空繼續探索不上。有啥不足之處歡迎大家留言，助我改進提升。
文章相關附件可以點擊下面的原文鏈接前往下載
https://harmonyos.51cto.com/resource/1567
責任編輯：jianghua
來源：
鴻蒙社區
