Spring Boot 中一行代碼搞定Http請求！

作者：不才陳某 2024-05-31 14:04:18

很多時候，我們想追求輕量級的Http客戶端，并且追求簡單易用。而OKHttp是一套處理 HTTP 網絡請求的依賴庫，由 Square 公司設計研發并開源，目前可以在 Java 和 Kotlin 中使用。

在Java的世界中，Http客戶端之前一直是Apache家的HttpClient占據主導，但是由于此包較為龐大，API又比較難用，因此并不使用很多場景。而新興的OkHttp、Jodd-http固然好用，但是面對一些場景時，學習成本還是有一些的。

對于 Android App來說，OkHttp 現在幾乎已經占據了所有的網絡請求操作，對于服務器端請求外部接口也是必備的選擇。針對OKHttp，OkHttpUtil做了一層封裝，使Http請求變得無比簡單。

OKHttpUtil 功能

根據URL自動判斷是請求HTTP還是HTTPS，不需要單獨寫多余的代碼。
默認情況下Cookie自動記錄，比如可以實現模擬登錄，即第一次訪問登錄URL后后續請求就是登錄狀態。
自動識別304跳轉并二次請求
支持代理配置
支持referer配置
支持User-Agent配置
自動識別并解壓Gzip格式返回內容
支持springboot 配置文件
極簡的封裝調用

OKHttpUtil使用

maven引入

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.github.admin4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>http</artifactId>
    <version>0.4.0</version>
</dependency>

最新版查詢：https://search.maven.org/artifact/io.github.admin4j/http。

GET

最簡單的使用莫過于用HttpUtil工具類快速請求某個接口：

Response response = HttpUtil.get("https://github.com/search", Pair.of("q", "okhttp"));
System.out.println("response = " + response);

POST

一行代碼即可搞定，當然Post請求也很簡單：

# JSON 格式的body
Response post = HttpUtil.post("https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=27f5954ab60ea8b2e431ae9101b1289c138e85aa6eb6e3940c35ee13ff8b6335", "{\"msgtype\": \"text\",\"text\": {\"content\":\"【反饋提醒】我就是我, 是不一樣的煙火\"}}");
System.out.println("post = " + post);

# form 請求
Map<String, Object> formParams = new HashMap<>(16);
formParams.put("username", "admin");
formParams.put("password", "admin123");
Response response = HttpUtil.postForm("http://192.168.1.13:9100/auth/login",
                formParams
);
System.out.println("response = " + response);

返回格式為JSON的可以使用 HttpJsonUtil 自動返回JsonObject

JSONObject object=HttpJsonUtil.get("https://github.com/search",
Pair.of("q","http"),
Pair.of("username","agonie201218"));
System.out.println("object = "+object);

文件上傳

File file=new File("C:\\Users\\andanyang\\Downloads\\Sql.txt");
Map<String, Object> formParams=new HashMap<>();
formParams.put("key","test");
formParams.put("file",file);
formParams.put("token","WXyUseb-D4sCum-EvTIDYL-mEehwDtrSBg-Zca7t:qgOcR2gUoKmxt-VnsNb657Oatzo=:eyJzY29wZSI6InpoYW56aGkiLCJkZWFkbGluZSI6MTY2NTMwNzUxNH0=");
Response response=HttpUtil.upload("https://upload.qiniup.com/",formParams);
System.out.println(response);

下載文件

HttpUtil.down("https://gitee.com/admin4j/common-http","path/");

HttpRequest 鏈式請求

# get
Response response=HttpRequest.get("https://search.gitee.com/?skin=rec&type=repository")
.queryMap("q","admin4j")
.header(HttpHeaderKey.USER_AGENT,"admin4j")
.execute();
System.out.println("response = "+response);

# post form
Response response=HttpRequest.get("http://192.168.1.13:9100/auth/login")
.queryMap("q","admin4j")
.header(HttpHeaderKey.USER_AGENT,"admin4j")
.form("username","admin")
.form("password","admin123")
.execute();
System.out.println("response = "+response);

post form 日志

16:49:14.092[main]DEBUG io.github.admin4j.http.core.HttpLogger- -->GET http://192.168.1.13:9100/auth/login?q=admin4j http/1.1
16:49:14.094[main]DEBUG io.github.admin4j.http.core.HttpLogger-User-Agent:admin4j
16:49:14.094[main]DEBUG io.github.admin4j.http.core.HttpLogger-Host:192.168.1.13:9100
16:49:14.094[main]DEBUG io.github.admin4j.http.core.HttpLogger-Connection:Keep-Alive
16:49:14.094[main]DEBUG io.github.admin4j.http.core.HttpLogger-Accept-Encoding:gzip
16:49:14.094[main]DEBUG io.github.admin4j.http.core.HttpLogger- -->END GET
16:49:14.670[main]DEBUG io.github.admin4j.http.core.HttpLogger-<--200OK http://192.168.1.13:9100/auth/login?q=admin4j (575ms)
16:49:14.670[main]DEBUG io.github.admin4j.http.core.HttpLogger-transfer-encoding:chunked
16:49:14.670[main]DEBUG io.github.admin4j.http.core.HttpLogger-Vary:Origin
16:49:14.670[main]DEBUG io.github.admin4j.http.core.HttpLogger-Vary:Access-Control-Request-Method
16:49:14.670[main]DEBUG io.github.admin4j.http.core.HttpLogger-Vary:Access-Control-Request-Headers
16:49:14.670[main]DEBUG io.github.admin4j.http.core.HttpLogger-Vary:Origin
16:49:14.670[main]DEBUG io.github.admin4j.http.core.HttpLogger-Vary:Access-Control-Request-Method
16:49:14.670[main]DEBUG io.github.admin4j.http.core.HttpLogger-Vary:Access-Control-Request-Headers
16:49:14.671[main]DEBUG io.github.admin4j.http.core.HttpLogger-Content-Type:application/json;charset=utf-8
16:49:14.671[main]DEBUG io.github.admin4j.http.core.HttpLogger-Date:Tue,08Nov 2022 08:49:14GMT
16:49:14.671[main]DEBUG io.github.admin4j.http.core.HttpLogger-
16:49:14.671[main]DEBUG io.github.admin4j.http.core.HttpLogger-{"code":406,"msg":"Full authentication is required to access this resource"}
16:49:14.671[main]DEBUG io.github.admin4j.http.core.HttpLogger-<--END HTTP(76-byte body)
response=Response{protocol=http/1.1,code=200,message=OK,url=http://192.168.1.13:9100/auth/login?q=admin4j}

在 Springboot 中使用

maven引入

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.github.admin4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>common-http-starter</artifactId>
    <version>0.4.0</version>
</dependency>

最新版查詢 io.github.admin4j:common-http-starter。

spring 版可以對 OkHttp進行個性化配置。

配置詳見

public class HttpConfig {
    /**
     * 日志等級
     */
    private HttpLoggingInterceptor.Level loggLevel = HttpLoggingInterceptor.Level.BODY;

    /**
     * 讀取超時時間，秒
     */
    private long readTimeout = 30;
    /**
     * 鏈接超時時間
     */
    private long connectTimeout = 30;

    private boolean followRedirects = false;

    /**
     * 最大的連接數
     */
    private int maxIdleConnections = 5;

    /**
     * 最大的kepAlive 時間 秒
     */
    private long keepAliveDuration = 5;

    private String userAgent = "OKHTTP";
    /**
     * 是否支持cookie
     */
    private boolean cookie = false;
    private ProxyConfig proxy;


    @Data
    public static class ProxyConfig {

        private Proxy.Type type = Proxy.Type.HTTP;
        private String host;
        private Integer port = 80;
        private String userName;
        private String password;
    }
}

如何快速封裝外部接口

以實體項目為例，封裝 ebay接口。

public class EbayClient extends ApiJsonClient {

    /**
     * 店鋪配置
     *
     * @param storeId
     */
    public EbayClient(Long storeId) {

        //TODO 獲取店鋪相關配置
        Map<String, String> config = new HashMap<>();

        basePath = "https://api.ebay.com";
        defaultHeaderMap.put("Authorization", "Bearer " + config.get("accessToken"));
        defaultHeaderMap.put("X-EBAY-C-MARKETPLACE-ID", config.get("marketplaceId"));
    }
}

EbayClient 封裝ebay api請求基礎類。

/**
 * ebay 庫存相關api
 * @author andanyang
 */
public class EbayInventoryClient extends EbayClient {

    /**
     * 店鋪配置
     *
     * @param storeId
     */
    public EbayInventoryClient(Long storeId) {
        super(storeId);
    }

    /**
     * 庫存列表
     *
     * @param limit
     * @param offset
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public JSONObject inventoryItem(Integer limit, Integer offset) throws IOException {

        Map<String, Object> queryMap = new HashMap(2);
        queryMap.put("limit", limit);
        queryMap.put("offset", offset);
        return get("/sell/inventory/v1/inventory_item", queryMap);
    }
}

EbayInventoryClient 封裝ebay 庫存 api請求。

使用

EbayInventoryClient ebayInventoryClient=new EbayInventoryClient(1L);
JSONObject jsonObject=ebayInventoryClient.inventoryItem(0,10);

/**
 * 訂單相關api
 * @author andanyang
 */
public class EbayOrderClient extends EbayClient {


    /**
     * 店鋪配置
     *
     * @param storeId
     */
    public EbayOrderClient(Long storeId) {
        super(storeId);
    }

    /**
     * 訂單列表
     *
     * @param beginTime
     * @param endTime
     * @param limit
     * @param offset
     * @return
     */
    public JSONObject orders(String beginTime, String endTime, int limit, int offset) {

        final String path = "/sell/fulfillment/v1/order";

        String filter = MessageFormat.format("lastmodifieddate:[{0}..{1}]", beginTime, endTime);

        //
        Map<String, Object> queryMap = new HashMap<>(8);
        queryMap.put("filter", filter);
        queryMap.put("limit", limit);
        queryMap.put("offset", offset);

        return get("/sell/inventory/v1/inventory_item", queryMap);
    }
}

庫存相關的使用EbayInventoryClient，訂單相關的使用EbayOrderClient，是不是很清晰。

源碼位置：https://github.com/admin4j/common-http

責任編輯：武曉燕來源：碼猿技術專欄