Domain Names

    When you think of the Internet, you probably think of ".com." Just what do those three letters at the end of a World Wide Web address mean?

    Every computer that hosts data on the Internet has a unique numerical address. For example, the numerical address for the White House is 198.137.240.100. But since few people want to remember long strings of numbers, the Domain Name System (DNS) was developed. DNS, a critical part of the Internet's technical infrastructure, correlates a numerical address to a word. To access the White House website, you could type its number into the address box of your web browser. But most people prefer to use "

    In general, the three-letter domain name suffix is known as a generic top-level domain and describes the type of organization. In the last few years, the lines have somewhat blurred between these categories.

    ICANN <http://www.icann.org/>, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, manages the Domain Name System. As of this writing, there are plans to add additional top-level domains, such as .web and .store. When that will actually happen is anybody's guess. To check for, or register a domain name, type it into the search box. It should take this form: myname.com In addition to the generic top-level domains, 244 national top-level domains were established for countries and territories, for example:

    .au - Australia

    .ca - Canada

    .fr - France

    .de - Germany

    .uk - United Kingdom

    For US $275 per name, you can also register an international domain name <http://www.netnamesusa.com/> with Net Names. Be aware that some countries have restrictions for registering names. If you plan to register your own domain name, whether it's a .com or not, keep these tips in mind: The shorter the name, the better. (But it should reflect your family name, interest or business.) The name should be easy to remember. It should be easy to type without making mistakes. Remember, the Internet is global. Ideally, a domain name will "read" in a language other than English.

域名

當(dāng)你想到因特網(wǎng)的時(shí)候，你或許想到“.com。”那三個(gè)在萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)地址后面的字母究竟表示什么含義呢？

每部在因特網(wǎng)上存儲(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)的計(jì)算機(jī)有一個(gè)獨(dú)特的數(shù)字住址。舉例來(lái)說(shuō)，白宮的數(shù)字住址是198.137.240.100。但是因?yàn)楹苌儆腥嗽敢馊ビ涍@一長(zhǎng)串的數(shù)字，域名系統(tǒng)（DNS）就開發(fā)出來(lái)了。DNS是因特網(wǎng)技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵組成部份，它把一組數(shù)字地址和一個(gè)單詞聯(lián)系起來(lái)。如要訪問(wèn)白宮網(wǎng)站，你可以在你的網(wǎng)頁(yè)瀏覽器的地址欄輸入它的數(shù)字地址。但是大多數(shù)的人更愿意輸入“www.whitehouse.gov”。這時(shí)，其域名是whitehouse.gov。

大體上，這三個(gè)字母組成的域名后綴即是一個(gè)***等級(jí)的域名總稱并描述組織的類型。在最近幾年中，這些組織類型之間的界限已趨模糊。

com - 商業(yè)性站點(diǎn)

edu - 教育性站點(diǎn)

org - 非營(yíng)利性組織站點(diǎn)

mil - 軍事性站點(diǎn)

net - 網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)供應(yīng)商

gov - 政府

一個(gè)域名總是由二個(gè)或更多的小圓點(diǎn)隔開，典型的域名則往往包含該組織名稱的某種形式和三個(gè)字母的后綴。譬如，IBM的域名是“ibm.com”;聯(lián)合國(guó)的是“un.org”。

如果一個(gè)域名是未被占用，而且假設(shè)它與一個(gè)現(xiàn)有的商標(biāo)不相沖突，任何人都能以35美元一年到網(wǎng)絡(luò)解決方案集團(tuán)去注冊(cè)一個(gè)域名，該公司獲授權(quán)可以分配com，net和org的域名。你可以通過(guò)在地址欄中輸入域名，看看其是否已被占用。如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)想申請(qǐng)的.com域名已被別人占用，不用驚訝。畢竟，在超過(guò)八百萬(wàn)個(gè)域名中，85%是.com的域名。

ICANN，因特網(wǎng)域名與地址管理委員會(huì)，負(fù)責(zé)管理域名系統(tǒng)。在本文的寫作過(guò)程中，有計(jì)劃提出增加更多的***等級(jí)域名，比如.web和.store。任何人都在猜測(cè)這何時(shí)會(huì)成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。檢測(cè)或注冊(cè)一個(gè)域名，輸入到搜索欄搜尋就可以了。它應(yīng)當(dāng)以這種形式出現(xiàn)：myname.com。除了***等級(jí)的域名總稱，還專門為各個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)設(shè)立了244個(gè)***的***域名，例如：

au- 澳大利亞

ca- 加拿大

fr- 法國(guó)

de- 德國(guó)

uk- 英國(guó)

你也可以使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)名來(lái)登記一個(gè)國(guó)際域名，每個(gè)域名275美金。但要注意有些國(guó)家對(duì)注冊(cè)域名有一定限制。如果你打算注冊(cè)一個(gè)你自己的域名，不論是否是com, 要記住以下的提示：域名愈短愈好。（但它應(yīng)該能反映出你的姓氏，興趣或從事的行業(yè)）。這個(gè)名字應(yīng)當(dāng)簡(jiǎn)單易記。而且應(yīng)當(dāng)易于輸入并不易出錯(cuò)。要記住，因特網(wǎng)是全球的。理想的狀況是一個(gè)域名可以用除英語(yǔ)之外的另一種語(yǔ)言“讀出來(lái)”。

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