新版與舊版思科CCNP認證考試介紹
本文的內容為新版與舊版思科CCNP認證考試介紹。
CCNP(Cisco Certified Network Professional)是在CCNA的基礎之上的一項思科職業資格認證，獲得CCNP資格的專業人員將具有100到500多個節點的大型企業網絡安裝、配置和運行LAN、WAN及拔號訪問業務的能力;但CCNP資格的取得是必須在取得CCNA資格的前提之上的，這一點與CCIE對考生的資格沒有任何要求是不同的，其考試可以選擇3門基礎考試+1門排錯考試或1門綜合基礎考試+另1門基礎考試+1門排錯考試這兩種方式，其中后者難度較前者大，但是可以省下1門的考試費。
注：考試優惠價僅限于亞威學員！
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新版思科CCNP認證考試介紹：CCNP考試報名流程
CCNP考試注冊是需要有CCNA的證書做為基礎的，即考生需要通過CCNA以后才可以參加CCNP的考試！需要考試的考生首先需要選擇考試中心，CCNP是一項國際認證，可以在全球的Prometric或VUE考試中心考試。
選定考場以后，考生可以直接與考試中心聯系注冊考試，考試通過以后到思科網站上進行注冊，注冊地址：https://www.certmanager.net/cisco/，簽定協議以后一個月左右即可收到從美國思科總部郵寄的CCNP證書！
新版思科CCNP認證考試介紹：CCNP考試內容
CCNP 642-801 BSCI：（變化程度：20%）<變為BSCI 642-901>
1、 增加IPv6 的概念。
2、 新增RIP v2。該考點以前為CCIE認證的知識范疇，現在調整到BSCI課程，RIP v1的內容在ICND2.0已經涉及到。
3、 增加NAT的概念和配置，NAT轉換采用更高級的Route－map控制，增加ODR協議，去掉IGRP協議，EIGRP協議中增加STUB區域，ISIS協議中去掉抽象理論，增加實用配置，BGP中去掉Router Reflector , 增加12.2 IOS版本新技術。
4、 OSPF保留多區域配置，刪除單區域配置，單區域考點在ICND2.0開始考查了。
5、 路由性能及優化部分增加了MPLS知識。
CCNP 642-811 BCMSN：（變化程度：70%）<變為BCMSN 642-812>
1、 IOS采用Native IOS版本，淡化CAT OS。Cat OS和Native IOS的比較和介紹：Cat
OS為基于SET命令集，Native IOS 為命令集等同于路由器。（據12.25日考過的網友說，Cat的知識一點沒涉及到）.
2、 交換機標準設備變動較大，更換成：訪問層的2950交換機，分布層的3550交換機，核心層的4006以及6500交換機。
3、 在VLAN中引入802.1Q Trunking(Q in Q).
4、 對于多播部分加入了IGMPv3,還加入了Cisco IP Telephony技術。
5、 增加STP的內容：包括RSTP和MSTP。
6、 采用 HSRP, VRRP, GLBP, SRM, SLB 做 router redundancy.
7、 在三層交換機中更加細致的講述了CEF-Based MLS，增加CISCO私有的多層交換技術：CEF(思科快速轉發)。
8、 Cisco引入AVVID架構概念。
9、 Multilayer Switched Networks 的安全性及優化.
10、 增加園區網Qos設計與實現，QoS是BCMSN的重點.
11、 增加組播部分內容.
12、 對于網絡分析功能，介紹SPAN，VSPAN，RSPAN和硬件NAM的配置。
CCNP 642-821 BCRAN：（變化程度：40%）<變為ISCW 642-825>
1、 取消CISCO700，X.25、Windows 95撥號連接，刪掉WIN 95/NT撥號配置。
2、 增加Cable Modem內容。
3、 增加了DSL技術包括：ADSL，VDSL,SDSL，S.SHDSL，IDSL等DSL技術。
4、 增加PPPoE， PPPoA協議。
5、 增加了VPN內容，包括IPSec和加密技術。
CCNP 642-831 CIT：（變化程度：50%）<變為ONT 642-845>
1、 增加OSPF以及EIGRP的排錯。
2、 取消AppleTalk和IPX的排錯內容。
3、 增加Qos以及組播的排錯。
4、 CIT的新版課程變化很大，除了介紹一些排錯理念、排除方法論和排錯工具外，還有針對其他三門課程內容的排錯,如OSPF, NAT, QoS, ADSL, VPN等。也從以前重點講述技術轉變為重點講述技術文檔的建立、完善和Troubleshooting流程及日志。
5、 增加VPN排錯。
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舊版思科CCNP認證考試介紹：CCNP考試內容
BSCIv2.0
適用認證：CCDP/CCIP/CCNP
考試號： 642-801
BSCI變化程度：20%
舊版思科CCNP認證考試介紹：考點難點
1.新增Routing Information Protocol Version 2(RIP v2).該考點以前為CCIE認證的知識范疇，現在調整到BSCI課程，RIP v1的內容在ICND2.0已經涉及到了。
2.OSPF保留多區域配置，刪除單區域配置，單區域考點在ICND2.0開始考查了。
3.路由性能及優化部分增加了MPLS知識4.增加IPv6 的概念5.增加NAT的概念和配置
Technology
List the key information routers needs to route data
Describe classful and classless routing protocols
Describe link-state router protocol operation
Compare classful and classless routing protocols
Compare distance vector and link state routing protocols
Describe concepts relating to extending IP addresses and the use of VLSMs to extend IP addresses
Describe the features and operation of EIGRP
Describe the features and operation of single area OSPF
Describe the features and operation of multi-area OSPF
Explain basic OSI terminology and network layer protocols used in OSI
Identify similarities and differences between Integrated IS-IS and OSPF
List the types of IS-IS routers and their role in IS-IS area design
Describe the hierarchical structure of IS-IS areas
Describe the concept of establishing adjacencies
Describe the features and operation of BGP
Explain how BGP policy-based routing functions within an autonomous system
Explain the use of redistribution between BGP and Interior Gateway Protocols (IGPs)
Implementation and Configuration
Given a set of network requirements, identify the steps to configure an Enhanced IGRP environment and verify proper operation (within described guidelines) of your routers
Given an addressing scheme and other laboratory parameters, identify the steps to configure a single-area OSPF environment and verify proper operation (within described guidelines) of your routers
Given an addressing scheme and other laboratory parameters, identify the steps to configure a multiple area OSPF environment and verify proper operation (within described guidelines) of your routers
Given an addressing scheme and other laboratory parameters, identify the steps to configure Cisco routers for proper Integrated IS-IS operation
Identify the steps to select and configure the different ways to control routing update traffic
Identify the steps to configure router redistribution in a network
Identify the steps to configure policy-based routing using route maps
Given a set of network requirements, identify the steps to configure a BGP environment and verify proper operation (within described guidelines) of your routers
Identify the steps to configure a router for Network Address Translation with overload, static translations, and route maps.
Design
Describe the three-layer hierarchical design model and explain the function of each layer: Access, Distribution and Core
Given specific requirements, choose the correct routing protocol to meet the requirements
Identify the correct IP addressing scheme, including features of IPv6
Describe the concepts relating to route summarization and apply them to hypothetical scenarios
Troubleshooting
Identify the steps to verify OSPF operation in a single area
Identify the steps to verify OSPF operation in multiple areas
Identify verification methods which ensure proper operation of Integrated IS-IS on Cisco routers
Identify the steps to verify route redistribution
Describe the scalability problems associated with internal BGP
Interpret the output of various show and debug commands to determine the cause of route selection errors and configuration problems
Identify the steps to verify Enhanced IGRP operation
BCMSNv2.0
適用認證：CCNP
考試號：642-811
BCMSN變化程度：70%
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舊版思科CCNP認證考試介紹：考點難點
1.交換機標準設備變動大：由于1900和5000交換機已經停產，課程不再涉及到上述產品，設備更換成：訪問層的2950交換機，分布層的3550交換機，核心層的4006以及6500交換機。
2.Cat OS和Native IOS的比較和介紹：Cat OS為基于SET命令集，Native IOS 為命令集等同于路由器。
3.增加STP的內容：包括RSTP和MSTP
4.采用 HSRP, VRRP, GLBP, SRM, SLB 做 router redundancy
5.增加CISCO私有的多層交換技術：CEF(思科快速轉發)
6.增加AVVID的架構
7.增加802.1Q Tunneling
8.Multilayer Switched Networks 的安全性及優化
9.增加園區網Qos設計與實現
10.增加組播部分內容
11.交換機內Switching Database Manager specifically Content Addressable Memory (CAM) 和 Ternary Content Addressable Memory (TCAM) 的功用
Technology
Describe the Enterprise Composite Model used for designing networks and explain how it addresses enterprise network needs for performance, scalability and availability
Describe the physical, data-link and network layer technologies used in a switched network, and identify when to use each
Explain the role of switches in the various modules of the Enterprise Composite Model (Campus Infrastructure, Server Farm, Enterprise Edge, Network Management)
Explain the function of the Switching Database Manager [specifically Content Addressable Memory (CAM) and Ternary Content Addressable Memory (TCAM)] within a Catalyst switch
Describe the features and operation of VLANs on a switched network
Describe the features of the VLAN trunking protocols including 802.1Q, ISL (emphasis on 802.1Q) and dynmic trunking protocol
Describe the features and operation of 802.1Q Tunneling (802.1QinQ) within a service provider network
Describe the operation and purpose of managed VLAN services
Describe how VTP versions 1 and 2 operate including domains, modes, advertisements, and pruning
Explain the operation and purpose of the Spanning-Tree Protocol (STP) on a switched network
Identify the specific types of Cisco route switch processors, and provide implementation details
List and describe the operation of the key components required to implement interVLAN routing
Explain the types of redundancy in a multilayer switched network including hardware and software redundancy
Explain how IP multicast operates on a multilayer switched network, including PIM, CGMP and IGMP
Describe the quality issues with voice traffic on a switched data network, including jitter and delay
Describe the QoS solutions that address voice quality issues
Describe the features and operation of network analysis modules on Catalyst switches to improve network traffic management
Describe Transparent LAN Services and how they are implemented in a service provider network
Implementation and Operation
Convert CatOS to native IOS on Catalyst switches and manage native IOS images according to best practices
Configure access ports for static and multi-VLAN memebership
Configure and verify 802.1Q trunks
Configure and verify ISL trunks
Configure VTP domains in server, client and transparent modes
Enable Spanning Tree on ports and VLANs
Configure Spanning Tree parameters including: port priority, VLAN priority, root bridge, BPDU guard, PortFast and UplinkFast
Implement IP technology on a switched network with auxiliary VLANs
Configure and verify router redundancy using HSRP, VRRP, GLBP, SRM, and SLB
Configure QoS features on multilayer switched networks to provide optimal quality and bandwidth utilization for applications and data
Configure Fast EtherChannel and Gigabit EtherChannel to increase bandwidth for interswitch connections
Planning and Design
Compare end-to-end and local VLANs, determine when to use each
Design a VLAN configuration with VTP to work for a given specific scenario
Select multilayer switching architectures, given specific multilayer switching needs
Describe the general design models when implementing IP telephony in a switched network environment
Plan QoS implementation within a multilayer switched network
Troubleshooting
Troubleshoot common VLAN problems on a switched network
Tune and troubleshoot spanning-tree protocol on a multilayer switched network to enhance network performance, prevent network loops, and minimize downtime
Identify interVLAN routing performance and scalability issues, and propose solutions
Verify and troubleshoot interVLAN routing on a switched network
Identify QoS implementation issues at the network access layer
Identify QoS implementation issues at the network distribution and core layers
BCRANv2.0
適用認證：CCIE/CCNP
考試號：642-821
BCRAN變化程度：40%
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舊版思科CCNP認證考試介紹：考點難點
1.增加Cable Modem內容
2.增加DSL技術(ADSL)
3.增加PPPOE以及PPPOA協議
4.增加VPN內容
5.取消CISCO700，X.25,Windows 95撥號連接
General Knowledge
Describe how different WAN technologies can be used to provide remote access to a network, including asynchronous dial-in, Frame Relay, ISDN, cable modem, and DSL
Describe traffic control methods used to manage traffic flow on WAN links
Explain the operation of remote network access control methods
Identify PPP components, and explain the use of PPP as an access and encapsulation method
Describe the structure and operation of virtual private network technologies
Describe the process of Network Address Translation (NAT)
Implementation and Operation
Configure asynchronous modems and router interfaces to provide network access
Configure an ISDN solution for remote access
Configure frame relay operation and traffic control on WAN links
Configure access control to manage and limit remote access
Configure DSL operation using Cisco IOS
Configure VPN operation using Cisco IOS
Configure Network Address Translation (NAT)
Planning and Design
Design a Cisco remote access solution using asynchronous dial-up technology
Plan a Cisco ISDN solution for remote access or primary link back-up
Design a Cisco frame relay infrastructure to provide access between remote network components
Design a solution of access control to meet required specifications
Plan traffic shaping to meet required quality of service on access links
Troubleshooting
Troubleshoot non-functional remote access systems
Troubleshoot a VPN system
Troubleshoot traffic control problems on a WAN link
CITv5.0
適用認證：CCNP
考試號：642-831
CIT變化程度：50%
#P#
舊版思科CCNP認證考試介紹：考點難點
1.以前CIT課程跟其他三門科目聯系不緊密，現在新版課程除了介紹一些排錯理念、排除方法論和排錯工具外，還有針對其他三門課程內容的排錯,如 OSPF, NAT, QoS, ADSL, VPN等。
2.取消AppleTalk和IPX的排錯內容
3.增加OSPF以及EIGRP的排錯
4.增加Qos以及組播的排錯5.增加VPN排錯
Technology
Identify troubleshooting methods
Explain documentation standards and the requirements for document control
Implementation and Operation
Establish an optimal system baseline
Diagram and document system topology
Document end system configuration
Verify connectivity at all layers
Select an optimal troubleshooting approach
Planning and Design
Plan a network documentation system
Plan a baseline monitoring scheme
Plan an approach to troubleshooting that minimizes system downtime
Troubleshooting
Use Cisco IOS commands and applications to identify system problems at all layers
Isolate system problems to one or more specific layers
Resolve sub-optimal system performance problems at layers 2 through 7
Resolve local connectivity problems at layer 1
Restore optimal baseline service
Work with external providers to resolve service provision problems
Work with system users to resolve network related end-use problems
注：考試后去CISCO網站注冊方法
每考完CISCO一個認證后(考完5至10天)要到CISCO網站注冊，網址在成績單上，是http://www.cisco.com/go/certifications/login
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思科CCNP認證考試介紹：注冊步驟如下
1．進入上面的網址，如果是第一次使用Tracking System，點擊click here設置密碼，填上Last name(你的姓，要和成績單上姓一致)和Registration ID（在成績單上），填好后點擊Create；password，完成密碼設置過程。自己設的密碼一定要記住呀，接下來的登錄還要用！
2．密碼設好后，回到了登錄界面，輸入Test ID(成績單上的candidate id) 或 Cisco ID和Password，點擊Login按鈕；
3．在Personal information中有個人信息，須要檢查或填寫的主要有以下幾項：
* E-MAIL ADDRESS:
* Mailing/Correspondence Address:
* Localized Information:(用中文填寫)
4．在Certification Agreement中簽協議；
5．在test history中有考試記錄。
其他的信息可以自己看看，總之Tracking System 使考生與CISCO聯系更加方便，為考生更改個人信息和了解CISCO認證提供了一個網上平臺。
思科CCNP認證考試介紹：報名須知
1.新考生報名手續： 攜帶有效證件一張 ( 公民身份證 境外人員護照 在伍軍人軍官證等) --填寫考試注冊表格,包括(中英文的姓名 地址 考試課程 證件號等個人信息) --繳費注冊；
2.老考生報名手續： 攜帶有效證件一張 (公民身份證 境外人員護照 在伍軍人軍官證等) --提供VUE考試中心注冊的VUE填寫注冊表 (中英文的姓名、VUE考試課程名及其考試代碼、交費憑證號、考試日期、身份證號碼、電話號碼) --繳費注冊；
3.注冊交全額考試費；
4.因考生填寫考試登記表或傳真不清楚而引起的注冊錯誤，一切責任由學員自己負責。
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