“Github”里的“hub”改用Go語言開發
作者：TECHUG
剛剛過去的2014年是Go語言重要的一年，不僅版本升級到了1.4，而且Go語言的集成開發環境LiteIDE也發布了x26，還在云計算方便吸引力不是的注意力。雖然有很多程序員不喜歡Go語言，但每種語言都有直接的缺點和優點，這是很正常的事情。最重要的是取之長、補己短。最近github宣布使用Go1.4重新開發了hub命令，就是要利用Go語言的長處。
剛剛過去的2014年是Go語言重要的一年，不僅版本升級到了1.4，而且Go語言的集成開發環境LiteIDE也發布了x26，還在云計算方便吸引力不是的注意力。雖然有很多程序員不喜歡Go語言，但每種語言都有直接的缺點和優點，這是很正常的事情。最重要的是取之長、補己短。最近github宣布使用Go1.4重新開發了hub命令，就是要利用Go語言的長處。
Github是世界上最大的代碼托管服務，它是在于最近幾年迅速超過了SoruceForge，很大程度上得益于Linux創始人Linus的影響力，和Git中去中心化的思想。相信很多人都使用過git和github，但估計很少人知道這個等式：git + hub = github，hub是一個用來封裝git的工具，為其擴展更多的功能和特性，是GitHub運行起來更加快捷方便。
- $ hub clone rtomayko/tilt
- # expands to:
- $ git clone git://github.com/rtomayko/tilt.git
hub命令的最佳使用方法是當作git的別名，這樣，當你輸入$ git <command> 時，你不僅能獲得git的所有功能，而且能增添很多附加特性。設置別名的方法是在你的.bash_profile文件放置下一行代碼:
- eval "$(hub alias -s)"
從2.2.0版本開始，hub開始改用Go語言開發，主要原因是Go語言的高效。要想從源代碼安裝hub 2.x版本，你需要有一個Go語言開發環境，版本要在1.4以上：
- $ git clone https://github.com/github/hub.git
- $ cd hub
- $ ./script/build
- $ cp hub YOUR_BIN_PATH
hub2.x版本將對1.x版本保持最大的兼容。下面我里看一下hub命令提供了哪些額外的強大功能。
(下面這些代碼中假設你已經做了git別名設置)
git clone
- $ git clone schacon/ticgit
- > git clone git://github.com/schacon/ticgit.git
- $ git clone -p schacon/ticgit
- > git clone git@github.com:schacon/ticgit.git
- $ git clone resque
- > git clone git@github.com/YOUR_USER/resque.git
git remote add
- $ git remote add rtomayko
- > git remote add rtomayko git://github.com/rtomayko/CURRENT_REPO.git
- $ git remote add -p rtomayko
- > git remote add rtomayko git@github.com:rtomayko/CURRENT_REPO.git
- $ git remote add origin
- > git remote add origin git://github.com/YOUR_USER/CURRENT_REPO.git
git fetch
- $ git fetch mislav
- > git remote add mislav git://github.com/mislav/REPO.git
- > git fetch mislav
- $ git fetch mislav,xoebus
- > git remote add mislav ...
- > git remote add xoebus ...
- > git fetch --multiple mislav xoebus
git cherry-pick
- $ git cherry-pick http://github.com/mislav/REPO/commit/SHA
- > git remote add -f mislav git://github.com/mislav/REPO.git
- > git cherry-pick SHA
- $ git cherry-pick mislav@SHA
- > git remote add -f mislav git://github.com/mislav/CURRENT_REPO.git
- > git cherry-pick SHA
- $ git cherry-pick mislav@SHA
- > git fetch mislav
- > git cherry-pick SHA
git am, git apply
- $ git am https://github.com/defunkt/hub/pull/55
- [ downloads patch via API ]
- > git am /tmp/55.patch
- $ git am --ignore-whitespace https://github.com/davidbalbert/hub/commit/fdb9921
- [ downloads patch via API ]
- > git am --ignore-whitespace /tmp/fdb9921.patch
- $ git apply https://gist.github.com/8da7fb575debd88c54cf
- [ downloads patch via API ]
- > git apply /tmp/gist-8da7fb575debd88c54cf.txt
git fork
- $ git fork
- [ repo forked on GitHub ]
- > git remote add -f YOUR_USER git@github.com:YOUR_USER/CURRENT_REPO.git
git pull-request
- # while on a topic branch called "feature":
- $ git pull-request
- [ opens text editor to edit title & body for the request ]
- [ opened pull request on GitHub for "YOUR_USER:feature" ]
- # explicit title, pull base & head:
- $ git pull-request -m "Implemented feature X" -b defunkt:master -h mislav:feature
git checkout
- $ git checkout https://github.com/defunkt/hub/pull/73
- > git remote add -f -t feature mislav git://github.com/mislav/hub.git
- > git checkout --track -B mislav-feature mislav/feature
- $ git checkout https://github.com/defunkt/hub/pull/73 custom-branch-name
git merge
- $ git merge https://github.com/defunkt/hub/pull/73
- > git fetch git://github.com/mislav/hub.git +refs/heads/feature:refs/remotes/mislav/feature
- > git merge mislav/feature --no-ff -m 'Merge pull request #73 from mislav/feature...'
git create
- $ git create
- [ repo created on GitHub ]
- > git remote add origin git@github.com:YOUR_USER/CURRENT_REPO.git
- # with description:
- $ git create -d 'It shall be mine, all mine!'
- $ git create recipes
- [ repo created on GitHub ]
- > git remote add origin git@github.com:YOUR_USER/recipes.git
- $ git create sinatra/recipes
- [ repo created in GitHub organization ]
- > git remote add origin git@github.com:sinatra/recipes.git
git init
- $ git init -g
- > git init
- > git remote add origin git@github.com:YOUR_USER/REPO.git
git push
- $ git push origin,staging,qa bert_timeout
- > git push origin bert_timeout
- > git push staging bert_timeout
- > git push qa bert_timeout
git browse
- $ git browse
- > open https://github.com/YOUR_USER/CURRENT_REPO
- $ git browse -- commit/SHA
- > open https://github.com/YOUR_USER/CURRENT_REPO/commit/SHA
- $ git browse -- issues
- > open https://github.com/YOUR_USER/CURRENT_REPO/issues
- $ git browse -- issues/10
- > open https://github.com/YOUR_USER/CURRENT_REPO/issues/10
- $ git browse schacon/ticgit
- > open https://github.com/schacon/ticgit
- $ git browse schacon/ticgit commit/SHA
- > open https://github.com/schacon/ticgit/commit/SHA
- $ git browse resque
- > open https://github.com/YOUR_USER/resque
- $ git browse resque network
- > open https://github.com/YOUR_USER/resque/network
git compare
- $ git compare refactor
- > open https://github.com/CURRENT_REPO/compare/refactor
- $ git compare 1.0..1.1
- > open https://github.com/CURRENT_REPO/compare/1.0...1.1
- $ git compare -u fix
- > (https://github.com/CURRENT_REPO/compare/fix)
- $ git compare other-user patch
- > open https://github.com/other-user/REPO/compare/patch
git submodule
- $ git submodule add wycats/bundler vendor/bundler
- > git submodule add git://github.com/wycats/bundler.git vendor/bundler
- $ git submodule add -p wycats/bundler vendor/bundler
- > git submodule add git@github.com:wycats/bundler.git vendor/bundler
- $ git submodule add -b ryppl --name pip ryppl/pip vendor/pip
- > git submodule add -b ryppl --name pip git://github.com/ryppl/pip.git vendor/pip
git ci-status
- $ git ci-status [commit]
- > (prints CI state of commit and exits with appropriate code)
- > One of: success (0), error (1), failure (1), pending (2), no status (3)
git help
- $ git help
- > (improved git help)
- $ git help hub
- > (hub man page)
原文鏈接：http://www.techug.com/hub-is-powered-by-go
責任編輯：張偉
來源：
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