最容易被人工智能取代的10種職業，今年換工作別入坑了！
當今這個時代，就業市場是戰場。
而人工智能和機器人的發展，更是在職場上丟下一枚重磅炸彈。
很多傳統上看似安全的工作，在新技術沖擊下，也不再是鐵飯碗（iron bowl）。
下面來看看，未來哪10種職業最容易被機器代替，
今年找工作盡量避開這些大坑吧。
01
Translator
翻譯
翻譯曾經也是很多語言畢業生的就業方向之一，但在人工智能浪潮中，
Google引入了神經機器翻譯系統，科大訊飛等公司研制出的翻譯軟件已經能接近80%的準確度。
可以想見，未來低端的翻譯將徹底被取代，即便是高端的同傳、交傳，也將受到極大沖擊，想單純靠一門語言吃飽飯是越來越難了。
Image recognition software and voice recognition software are bringing some major advances to language translation.
圖像識別軟件和語音識別軟件為語言翻譯帶來了一些重要的進展。
Applications like Google's Word Lens can translate words from signs and documents in real time and there are a plethora of translation apps that allow you to type in a word or phrase and will translate it for you.
像谷歌的Word Lens這樣的應用程序可以實時地從標志和文檔中翻譯單詞，還有大量的翻譯應用程序可以根據輸入的一個單詞或短語提供翻譯服務。
Some will even speak the phrase for you. Granted, there are still cultural cues this technology misses, but raw word-to-word translation will be fully automated soon.
有的程序還可以讀出單詞和短語。當然，這種技術仍然存在一些文化上的理解困難，但是原始的逐字翻譯將很快被自動化完全取代。
So, if you're not translating high-dollar business negotiations or matters of national security, then you may find that algorithms will be good enough to handle most other translation duties.
因此，如果你所從事的并非高薪的商務談判或國家安全問題翻譯工作，那么你的工作就會被性能優良的工具取代。
02
Insurance underwriter
保險承包人
保險看似是個黃金工作，很多人被這個行業還不錯的薪資吸引住了。
但其實，在人工智能時代，保險業從業者到底還能不能保住金飯碗，可能要打個大大的問號了。
Whenever you apply for insurance through a broker or agent, your application has to be vetted to determine if the risk is worth accepting for the insurance company. The work is performed by underwriters. They review the application and decide whether or not they'll provide insurance, and how much they'll offer.
當你通過經紀人或代理人申請保險時，你的申請必須經過審查，以確定風險是否值得保險公司接受。這項工作由承保人執行。他們審查你的申請并決定是否提供保險，以及將提供的保險數額。
The role of insurance underwriter is at risk for automation because applications can be standardized and most organizations have set rules by which they determine eligibility.
保險承保人面臨著被自動化取代的風險，因為應用程序可以標準化，而且大多數公司都制定了確定資格的規則。
Machine learning can help computer systems learn these rules and apply them to the applications they receive.
機器學習可以幫助計算機系統學習這些規則，并將它們應用到申請審查中。
03
Sales representativ
銷售代表
直覺告訴我們，做銷售需要人與人的交流。
But, e-commerce is changing how we make purchasing decisions, especially those where there isn't much differentiation among the major competitors.
但是，電子商務正在改變我們的購買決定，特別是那些在主要競爭對手之間沒有太多差別的領域。
"If you're selling a high-differentiation product and/or a high-price, low-volume product you have some job security, but if you're selling a high-volume, low-differentiation product, you better start polishing your resume," said Doug Camplejohn, CEO of Fliptop. "These kind of product sales are all moving online."
Fliptop的首席執行官Doug Camplejohn說:“如果你正在銷售特殊產品或高價格、低產量的產品，人工智能對你的威脅并不大，但如果你銷售的是一種高產出的普通產品，你最好開始潤色你的簡歷。”“這些產品的銷售都可以在網上進行。
04
Call center worker
電話中心從業者
曾幾何時，我們認為與人打交道的工作，至少還需要人還做吧。
比如客服中心，總要有人接聽電話吧。
但現在，你還真分不清接聽你電話的到底是人還是機器。
At this point, most people are familiar with automated customer service lines and telemarketing.
在這一點上，大多數人都熟悉自動化的客戶服務電話和電話營銷。
Using natural-language processing, automated call lines are able to better understand what customers are saying and direct them to the proper resource.
使用自然語言處理、自動接聽電話線能夠更好地理解客戶所說的內容，并正確引導客戶。
There's usually still an option to be routed to a 'real person', but even that could be eliminated in the next few years.
通常還有一個選項可以選擇 “真人”接聽，但這個崗位在未來幾年內也會被淘汰。
Additionally, automation could lead to fewer calls to helplines in general, at least on the customer service side of things. Smart systems, remotely monitored by sensors, could help with product maintenance and ward off potential problems.
此外，自動化可能會導致對求助熱線的電話減少，至少在客戶服務方面是如此。智能系統由傳感器遠程監控，可以幫助進行產品維護和防止潛在問題的出現。
05
Sorter
分類人員
物流行業在人工智能沖擊下，整體格局也在大變。
而行業中的從業人員，可能是最早感受到寒潮的一批人。
Sorting takes a trained eye and sorters typically work in a factory, pulling damaged or imperfect products from a batch as it moves along a conveyor belt.
分類需要經過訓練的眼睛和分類人員，通常是在工廠里從傳送帶中取出受損或不完美的產品。
Automated inspection technology is growing to match the human output for this job.
自動化檢測技術不斷發展，與人類的產出相匹配。
Right now it's common for people to be manually sorting and inspecting every single item -- a seat belt bolt, for example.
現在，人們通常會對每一件物品進行手工分類和檢查——例如，安全帶螺栓。
Vision inspection cameras used to cost $30,000, now they cost $1000, and vision inspection systems are fast, efficient and highly accurate.
視覺檢查相機曾經的花費高達3萬美元，現在只需1000美元，視覺檢查系統快速、高效、高度準確。
06
Data entry
數據輸入
在很多行業里，數據都走在重要的資產，準確的數據輸入是必不可少的。
但科技時代，可能就再也不需要人來做數據輸入和簡單處理的事情了，
自動數據輸入不僅更快，還能更強，更準確。
For example, data from a driver's time on the road and time on the site could be captured by an on-board sensor, combined with GPS data, and automatically fed into the backend system.
例如，司機在路上和地點上的數據可以被機載傳感器捕獲，并與GPS數據結合，并自動送入后端系統。
That data could then be automatically compared against daily goals and plans, and processed on behalf of that driver. The data entry is more efficient and happens faster as a result.
這些數據可以自動與日常目標和計劃進行比較，并代表該驅動程序進行處理。這樣一來，數據輸入的效率更高，取得結果的速度也更快。
While lots of data -- especially historical data -- still needs to be digitized, and there will be work available to scan much of this data in the short term, the long-term need for data entry will be reduced.
但是還有許多數據——尤其是歷史數據——仍然需要人工數字化，短期內還會有大量數據需要掃描，因此對人工數據輸入工作人員的需求將會慢慢減少。
07
Tax Preparer
報稅員
許多人都雇傭了報稅員，他們幫你弄清楚你欠了多少錢或者你會在繳稅時得到什么。
But, aside from a few overly complicated tax code issues, most workers will be likely be able to file their taxes without the assistance of another human.
但未來，除了一些過于復雜的稅法問題之外，大多數人在沒有其他人幫助的情況下，很有可能會自己提交稅收。
Tax forms are standardized and machines will be able to read the info and ask you a few questions to process your paperwork. We've seen this happening with software like TurboTax for years.
稅務表格是標準化的，機器將能夠閱讀信息，并問你幾個問題來處理你的文書工作。比如，近年來已經出現了像TurboTax這樣的軟件。
Of course, the tax code is complicated and where there are problems, ambiguities, and irregularities, there will still be the need for human beings with deep knowledge who can do far more than just fill out the right forms.
當然，稅法是復雜的，有問題、含糊不清和不規范的地方，仍然需要有深入知識的人，他們能做的遠遠不止填好正確的表格。
08
Fast food workers
快餐店服務人員
餐飲業在人工智能面前，也將面臨大洗牌。
Automated ordering kiosks have already made their way into a few McDonald's restaurants around the world, and cooking positions could be eliminated next.
世界各地的一些麥當勞餐廳已經啟用了自動訂購系統，接下來可能會研發自動烹飪機器。
The kiosks probably can't handle customer service issues well, but televideo systems could bring in an office employee to facilitate complaints.
自助服務系統可能不能很好地處理客服問題，但是可視系統可以讓辦公室職員來處理投訴。
Automation will affect parts of casual dining restaurants as well, as tableside tablet ordering systems have already arrived at restaurants like Chili's and others.
自動化也會影響到休閑餐廳，因為桌面平板電腦訂購系統已經占領了Chili's等餐廳。
09
Field technician
實地考察人員
許多工作要求員工去實地考察工作地點或機器，并檢查操作流程。
New advances in the Internet of Things could render this work obsolete.
物聯網的新發展可能會取代這份工作。
Low-cost sensors combined with high availability cellular/satellite communications and cloud technology are being implemented to automate and alarm these sites, and can be checked and maintained from a desktop or mobile device.
低成本的傳感器結合可用性高的蜂窩/衛星通信和云技術正在實現站點自動化、安裝警報系統，并且可以通過桌面或移動設備進行檢查和維護。
10
Assemby line workers
流水線工人
幾十年前就有言論稱自動化將會取代制造業，但在不久的未來，可能就是現實了。
Tech, factories, and jobs have had a tricky relationship since the Industrial Revolution.
自工業革命以來，科技、工廠和工作之間的關系一直很微妙。
Robotic technology has been used in manufacturing for decades -- especially at major operations like Ford and Toyota -- and the technology continues to advance.
幾十年來，機器人技術一直被用于制造業，尤其是在福特和豐田等大型企業，而且這種技術還在繼續發展。
在未來，隨著人工智能和電子化操作的進一步推廣，流水線工人的生存空間還將被進一步擠壓。
好了，你還知道有哪些工作也面臨類似的威脅呢？
